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class="doc-edit"> <p>一次碼燒干燥窯也就是燒磚隧道窯用于烘干磚坯的相關設施，分為獨立一條隧道運行和與焙燒窯爐共用一條隧道兩種類型。冬季里天氣寒冷是干燥塌坯的高發季節，關于塌坯的原因各個磚廠的情況不盡相同。</p><p>1凝露塌坯</p><p>冬季里受外界氣溫低的影響，在機房里存放的磚坯自身溫度也低。濕涼的磚坯裝入干燥窯后遇到潮熱的氣體，容易轉化成水滴，分布在磚坯上，水滴由磚坯的表面向內部滲透，當水滴達到一定的數量時候就造成了坯垛倒塌。這類塌坯多見于集中式排潮的干燥窯。</p><p>有過凝露塌坯經歷的朋友明白，同一條干燥窯，相同的操作辦法，其它生產條件基本一樣，天氣暖和時候正常，冬季來臨才出現塌坯現象。原因在于磚坯在冬季里變得冰涼，剛裝入干燥窯里就遇到又熱又潮濕的氣體，如果把容易塌坯的車位溫度、潮氣濃度降低一點，塌坯問題就緩解了。另一個方案是把塌坯前的兩三個車位溫度提高點也能控制倒塌，具體辦法要看自己的干燥情況而定。</p><p>2加熱不當倒塌</p><p>有的干燥窯加熱梯度混亂，在第一個到第八個車位側下部的加熱口供量就偏大，有的加熱口砌的還密。剛裝進干燥窯的涼磚坯上來就是高溫大風，造成坯塊很快變軟、變脆，不久后就倒塌了。這要調整加熱口，用磚或者石棉堵塞過大的出熱風口，形成逐步有梯度的加熱，當磚坯脫水到一定程度了在提高加熱量。</p><p>有的加熱口在進坯那頭的數個車位沒有熱風吹出，或者僅有微量一點，這樣前幾個車位幾乎沒有烘干效果。坯車移動到后面遇到高溫就倒塌了。</p><p>3悶熱塌坯</p><p>有些干燥窯加熱系統與排潮系統不協調，磚坯加熱后不能及時排走產生的潮濕氣體，霧霾滾滾的滯留在個別車位流動緩慢，從而悶塌這個部位的磚坯。這類塌坯多見于排潮風機或者排口布局不當，有時候排潮風機跳閘停轉，送熱風機仍然正常運轉，時間長了也會導致磚坯倒塌。</p><p>4滴淋倒塌</p><p>軸流的排潮風機直接朝上安裝在干燥窯的頂部，天氣寒冷時候風機以及煙囪外壁沒有纏繞保溫材料，含有高濃度的潮濕氣體往外排放時候碰到冰涼的鐵質煙囪壁，有部分的氣體轉化為水珠滴下，淋塌了坯垛。</p><p>做好煙囪外部的保溫工作后，還要引導滴下的水珠，使其流向干燥窯的外面。</p><p>各個干燥窯塌坯的原因繁多，各不相同，仔細觀察了解清楚毛病在哪里，治理起來就有了基礎。</p> 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